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The Orange Revolution was a series of protests in Ukraine that began in November 2004 and lasted until January 2005. The protests were sparked by the fraudulent presidential election of Viktor Yanukovych, a pro-Russian candidate. The protests were successful in overturning the election results and installing a pro-Western government. This was a humiliating ordeal for Putin, who had supported Yanukovych and had hoped to see Ukraine become a part of the Russian sphere of influence.